Leikin J.B. Handbook of nuclear, biological, and chemical agent exposures / J.B.Leikin, R.B.McFee. - Boca Raton: CRC/Taylor & Francis, 2007. - [22], 730 p.: ill. - Bibliogr. at the end of the art. - Ind.: p.671-730. - ISBN 1-4200-4477-X  Место хранения:   02 | Отделение ГПНТБ СО РАН | Новосибирск

Оглавление / Contents

Section I - Antidotes Pharmacy Preparedness for Incidents Involving Nuclear, Biological, or Chemical Weapons ................................. 3 Poison Antidote Preparedness in Hospitals ...................... 21 Chempack ....................................................... 29 Strategic National Stockpile ................................... 35 Acetylcysteine ................................................. 39 Amyl Nitrite ................................................... 42 Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed ....................................... 43 Antitoxin Botulinin Types A, B, and E .......................... 44 Asoxime Chloride ............................................... 45 Atropine ....................................................... 46 Botulinum Pentavalent (ABCDE) Toxoid ........................... 48 Budesonide ..................................................... 50 Calcium Chloride ............................................... 53 Calcium Gluconate .............................................. 55 Charcoal ....................................................... 57 Cholestyramine Resin ........................................... 60 Cyanide Antidote Kit ........................................... 61 Deferiprone .................................................... 61 Deferoxamine ................................................... 62 Dextrose ....................................................... 64 Diethyldithiocarbamate Trihydrate .............................. 65 Diethylene Triamine Penta-Acetic Acid .......................... 65 Dimercaprol .................................................... 66 DOBUTamine ..................................................... 67 DOPamine ....................................................... 69 Edetate Calcium Disodium ....................................... 71 Edetate Disodium ............................................... 73 Epinephrine .................................................... 74 Filgrastim ..................................................... 77 Flumazenil ..................................................... 80 Folic Acid ..................................................... 82 Fomepizole ..................................................... 84 Glucagon ....................................................... 86 Glycopyrrolate ................................................. 87 HI-6 ........................................................... 69 HLo-7 .......................................................... 90 Hydroxocobalamin ............................................... 91 Insect Sting Kit ............................................... 93 Isoproterenol .................................................. 93 K027 ........................................................... 94 Mafenide ....................................................... 95 Methylene Blue ................................................. 96 Naloxone ....................................................... 97 Neostigmine .................................................... 99 Nerve Agent Antidote Kit (NAAK) too Norepinephrine ............ 102 Obidoxime Chloride ............................................ 103 Oxygen (Hyperbaric) ........................................... 104 Penicillamine ................................................. 105 Phentolamine .................................................. 107 Physostigmine ................................................. 109 Polyethylene Glycol - High Molecular Weight ................... 111 Potassium Iodide .............................................. 112 Pralidoxime ................................................... 114 Prussian Blue ................................................. 116 Pyridostigmine ................................................ 117 Pyridoxine .................................................... 118 Rifampin ...................................................... 120 Serpacwa ...................................................... 121 Silver Sulfadiazine ........................................... 122 Sodium Bicarbonate ............................................ 123 Sodium Nitrite ................................................ 125 Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate .................................. 126 Sodium Thiosulfate ............................................ 127 Succimer ...................................................... 129 Thrombopoietin ................................................ 130 Trimedoxime Bromide ........................................... 131 Unithiol ...................................................... 131 Vasopressin ................................................... 132 Section II - Biological Agents Avian Influenza ............................................... 137 Botulism ...................................................... 147 Smallpox (Variola) and Poxviruses ............................. 155 Management of Healthcare Worker Exposures to HBV, HCV, and HIV ........................................................ 170 Anthrax ....................................................... 182 Arboviruses ................................................... 194 Brucella Species .............................................. 195 Burkholderia mallei ........................................... 198 Clostridium botulinum ......................................... 199 Clostridium botulinum Food Poisoning .......................... 202 Clostridium perfringens ....................................... 206 Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever) ................................... 208 Cryptosporidium ............................................... 210 Encephalitis, Viral ........................................... 212 Escherichia coli, Enterohemorrhagic ........................... 213 Francisella tularensis ........................................ 215 Hantavirus .................................................... 220 Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine (Inactivated) ............. 222 Junin Virus ................................................... 223 Meningitis, Community-Acquired, Adult ......................... 225 Fticin ........................................................ 226 Salmonella Species ............................................ 227 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) ...................... 230 Shigella Species .............................................. 233 Smallpox ...................................................... 234 Staphylococcal Enterotoxin В .................................. 237 T-2 Mycotoxin ................................................. 239 Vibrio cholerae ............................................... 239 Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF) ................................. 241 West Nile Virus ............................................... 244 Yersinia pestis ............................................... 245 Section III - Chemical Agents Bioterrorism and the Skin ..................................... 253 Disaster and Mass Casualty Incidents .......................... 259 Examples of Mass Exposures Involving the Pediatric Population .................................................... 274 Organophosphate Poisoning: Case Presentation .................. 282 Toxicology Basics of Nonmedicinal Agent Exposures ............. 286 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene ......................................... 292 2,4-Dinitrotoluene ............................................ 292 Adamsite ...................................................... 293 Ammonia ....................................................... 294 Arsenic ....................................................... 295 Arsine ........................................................ 299 Benzene ....................................................... 300 Bromobenzylcyanide ............................................ 303 Carbon Monoxide ............................................... 303 Carfentanil Citrate ........................................... 309 Chemical Warfare Agents ....................................... 309 Chlorine ...................................................... 311 Chloroacetophenone ............................................ 313 Cyanide ....................................................... 315 Cyanogen Bromide .............................................. 318 Cyanogen Chloride ............................................. 319 Cyanogen Iodide ............................................... 320 Cyclohexyl Sarin .............................................. 320 Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine ................................. 322 Dinitrotoluene ................................................ 322 Diphenylchloroarsine .......................................... 323 Diphenylcyanoarsine ........................................... 324 Diphosgene .................................................... 324 Ethyldichloroarsine ........................................... 325 Ethylene Glycol Dinitrate ..................................... 325 Gasoline ...................................................... 326 Hydrogen Chloride ............................................. 328 Kratom ........................................................ 329 Lewisite ...................................................... 329 Malathion ..................................................... 330 Methyl Isocyanate ............................................. 333 Methyldichloroarsine .......................................... 334 Mustard Gas ................................................... 334 Napalm В ...................................................... 342 Nicotine ...................................................... 343 Nitrogen Mustard (HN-1) ....................................... 347 Nitrogen Mustard (HN-2) ....................................... 348 Nitrogen Mustard (HN-3) ....................................... 350 Nitroglycerin ................................................. 351 O-Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile ............................. 352 Osmium Oxide .................................................. 353 Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate .................................. 354 Pepper Spray .................................................. 354 Perfluroisobutylene ........................................... 355 Phenibut ...................................................... 355 Phenyldichloroarsine .......................................... 356 Phosgene ...................................................... 357 Phosgene Oxime ................................................ 359 Phosphine ..................................................... 359 Quinuclidinyl Benzilate ....................................... 361 Sarin ......................................................... 362 Sodium Azide .................................................. 365 Sodium Monofluoroacetate ...................................... 366 Soman ......................................................... 368 Sulfuric Acid ................................................. 370 Tabun ......................................................... 371 Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine ................................ 373 Thallium Sulfate .............................................. 374 Thermite ...................................................... 376 Triethylamine ................................................. 377 VR ............................................................ 377 VX ............................................................ 378 White Phosphorus .............................................. 380 Section IV - Laboratory Analysis Public Health Contacts for Laboratory Testing to Confirm Exposure During a Potential or Known Chemical Terrorism Event ......................................................... 385 Sentinel Laboratory Guidelines for Suspected Agents of Bioterrorism and Emerging Infectious Diseases ................. 399 Sentinel Laboratory Guidelines for Suspected Agents of Bioterrorism ............................................... 408 Field Identification and Decontamination of Toxins ............ 430 Acetylcholinesterase, Red Cell, and Serum ..................... 439 Anion Gap, Blood .............................................. 440 Anthrax Detection ............................................. 441 Arsenic, Blood ................................................ 443 Arsenic, Hair, Nails .......................................... 444 Arsenic, Urine ................................................ 445 Autopsy ....................................................... 445 Babesiosis Serology ........................................... 463 Bacterial Culture, Aerobes .................................... 463 Bacterial Culture, Anaerobes .................................. 465 Bacterial Culture, Blood ...................................... 466 Blood and Fluid Precautions, Specimen Collection .............. 469 Blood Collection Tube Information ............................. 472 Blood Gases and pH, Arterial .................................. 473 Botulism, Diagnostic Procedure ................................ 475 Carboxyhemoglobin, Blood ...................................... 476 Chain-of-Custody Protocol ..................................... 477 Chemical Terrorism Event ...................................... 478 Complete Blood Count .......................................... 482 Cyanide, Blood ................................................ 485 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Screen ................. 486 Electrolytes, Blood ........................................... 487 Electromyography .............................................. 488 Fibrinogen .................................................... 492 Hantavirus Serology ........................................... 494 Heavy Metal Screen, Blood ..................................... 495 Heavy Metal Screen, Urine ..................................... 495 Identification DNA Testing .................................... 496 Lactic Acid, Whole Blood, or Plasma ........................... 497 Liver Disease: Laboratory Assessment, Overview ................ 498 Mercury, Blood ................................................ 501 Mercury, Urine ................................................ 502 Methemoglobin, Blood .......................................... 503 Methemoglobin, Whole Blood .................................... 504 Methylene Blue Stain, Stool ................................... 505 Nicotine, Serum, or Plasma .................................... 506 Organophosphate Pesticides, Urine, Blood, or Serum ............ 507 Osmolality, Calculated, Serum, or Plasma ...................... 507 Osmolality, Serum ............................................. 510 Q Fever Serology .............................................. 511 Shiga Toxin Test, Direct ...................................... 512 Smallpox Diagnostic Procedures ................................ 512 Thallium, Urine, or Blood ..................................... 513 Thiocyanate, Serum, Plasma, or Urine .......................... 514 Tularemia Diagnostic Procedures ............................... 514 Uncrossmatched Blood, Emergency ............................... 515 Virus Detection by DFA ........................................ 516 Volatile Screen, Blood, or Urine .............................. 517 Warming, Blood ................................................ 518 West Nile Virus Diagnostic Procedures ......................... 518 Yersinia pestis Diagnostic Procedures ......................... 519 Section V - Radiation The Reality of Radiation Risks: A Recent Case of Polonium 210 as a Weapon of Assassination and Subsequent Public Health Threat ........................................................ 523 A Primer for Nuclear Terrorism Preparedness ................... 526 Americium ..................................................... 553 Cesium ........................................................ 553 Cobalt ........................................................ 554 Depleted Uranium .............................................. 556 Iodine ........................................................ 557 Phosphorus .................................................... 557 Plutonium ..................................................... 558 Polonium ...................................................... 559 Radium ........................................................ 560 Strontium ..................................................... 560 Tritium ....................................................... 561 Uranium ....................................................... 561 Appendix Algorithmic Approach to Case Classification ................... 569 Assessment of Liver Function .................................. 570 Clinical Syndromes Associated with Food-borne Diseases ........ 571 Creatinine Clearance Estimating Methods in Patients with Stable Renal Function ......................................... 573 Fluid and Electrolyte Requirements in Children ................ 575 Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances Table ....... 579 Median Heights and Weights and Recommended Energy Intake ...... 623 Pounds to Kilograms Conversion ................................ 624 Reference Values for Adults ................................... 625 Reference Values for Children ................................. 630 Renal Function Tests .......................................... 633 Stress Replacement of Glucocorticoids ......................... 636 Weapons of Mass Destruction Preparedness Resources ............ 638 Patient Information Sheets Ammonia - Patient Information Sheet .......................... 649 Arsine - Patient Information Sheet ........................... 651 Benzene - Patient Information Sheet .......................... 653 Chlorine - Patient Information Sheet ......................... 655 Hydrogen Cyanide - Patient Information Sheet ................. 657 Lewisite and Mustard-Lewisite Mixture - Patient Information Sheet ..................................................... 659 Nerve Agents - Patient Information Sheet ..................... 661 Nitrogen Mustard (HN-1, HN-2, and HN-3) - Patient Information Sheet ............................................ 663 Phosgene - Patient Information Sheet ......................... 665 Phosphine - Patient Information Sheet ........................ 667 Sulfur Mustard - Patient Information Sheet ................... 669 Index ........................................................ 671