Thermally stable and flame retardant polymer nanocomposites / ed. by V.Mittal. - Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011. - xviii, 387 p.: ill. - Bibliogr. at the end of the art. - Ind.: p.383-387. - ISBN 978-0-521-19075-6  Место хранения:   023 | Институт химической кинетики и горения СО РАН | Новосибирск | Библиотека

Оглавление / Contents

Contributors ................................................ xi Preface ................................................... xvii Part I: Thermal stability ...................................... 1 1 Polymer nanocomposites: Layered silicates, surface modifications, and thermal stability ......................... 3 VIKAS MITTAL 1.1 Introduction ............................................ 3 1.2 Evaluation of thermal behavior .......................... 9 1.3 Thermal stability of modified clays and nanocomposites ......................................... 12 References .................................................. 25 2 Mechanism of thermal degradation of layered silicates modified with ammonium and other thermally stable salts ..... 29 K. PIELICHOWSKI, A. LESZCZYńSKA, AND J. NJUGUNA 2.1 Introduction ........................................... 29 2.2 Changes in properties of organically modified layered silicates as a result of thermal degradation ........... 29 2.3 Mechanism of thermal degradation of organic modifiers and organically modified layered silicates ............. 30 2.4 Role of catalytic activity of clay minerals in the mechanism of organically modified layered silicate degradation ............................................ 45 2.5 Parameters influencing the thermal stability of organically modified layered silicates ................. 48 2.6 Conclusions ............................................ 54 References .................................................. 55 3 Thermal stability of polystyrene nanocomposites from improved thermally stable organoclays ....................... 64 MUSA R. KAMAL AND JORGE URIBE-CALDERON 3.1 Introduction ........................................... 64 3.2 Thermal stability ...................................... 65 3.3 Polystyrene/clay nanocomposites from thermally stable organoclays ............................................ 67 3.4 Factors influencing the selection of clay modifiers .... 90 3.5 Concluding remarks ..................................... 93 References .................................................. 93 4 Poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites using nanoclays modified with thermally stable surfactants ....... 100 EVANGELOS MANIAS, MATTHEW J. HEIDECKER, HIROYOSHI NAKAJIMA, MARIUS C. COSTACHE, AND CHARLES A. WILKIE 4.1 Introduction .......................................... 100 4.2 Melt-processable poly(ethylene terephthalate)/ organosilicate nanocomposites ......................... 101 4.3 Characterization and performance of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/clay nanocomposites .................... 106 4.4 Conclusions ........................................... 115 4.5 Experimental .......................................... 115 References ................................................. 117 5 Thermally stable polyimide/4,4'-bis(4-aminophenoxy) phenylsulfone-modified clay nanocomposites ................. 121 VLADIMIR E. YUDIN AND JOSHUA U. OTAIGBE 5.1 Polyimide/clay nanocomposites ......................... 121 5.2 Polyimide/4,4'-bis(4-aminophenoxy)phenylsulfone- modified clay nanocomposites: Synthesis and characterization ...................................... 123 5.3 Novel polyimide nanocomposites based on silicate nanoparticles with different morphology ............... 131 5.4 Conclusions and outlook ............................... 138 References ................................................. 140 6 Clays modified with thermally stable ionic liquids with applications in poly olefin and poly lactic acid nanocomposites ............................................. 143 JIN UK HA AND MARINO XANTHOS 6.1 Introduction .......................................... 143 6.2 Clays and clay nanocomposites ......................... 144 6.3 Ionic liquids ......................................... 148 6.4 Clay modification with thermally stable ionic liquids ............................................... 149 6.5 Polyolefins containing nanoclays modified with thermally stable ionic liquids ........................ 151 6.6 Polylactic acid composites ............................ 153 6.7 Conclusions ........................................... 155 References ................................................. 156 Part II: Flame retardancy ..................................... 159 7 Introduction to flame retardancy of polymer-clay nanocomposites ............................................. 161 TIE LAN AND GÜNTER BEYER 7.1 Introduction .......................................... 161 7.2 Clay chemistry ........................................ 162 7.3 Polymer-clay nanocomposites ........................... 163 7.4 Flame retardation by polymer-clay nanocomposites ...... 166 7.5 Ethylene vinyl acetate and polyethylene nanocomposites for wire and cable applications ........ 170 7.6 Summary ............................................... 182 References ................................................. 182 8 Flame retardant nanocomposites with polymer blends ......... 186 J. ZHANG, M.A. DELICHATSIOS, A. FINA, G. CAMINO, F. SAMYN, S. BOURBIGOT, AND S. NAZARÉ 8.1 Introduction .......................................... 186 8.2 Morphological characterization ........................ 189 8.3 Thermogravimetric analysis ............................ 192 8.4 Cone calorimetry ...................................... 194 8.5 Polymer blend nanocomposites combined with additional materials ............................................. 199 8.6 Conclusion ............................................ 205 References ................................................. 206 9 Flame retardancy of poly amide/clay nanocomposites ......... 210 YUAN HU, LEI SONG, AND QILONG TAI 9.1 Introduction .......................................... 210 9.2 Preparation approaches ................................ 213 9.3 Flame retardancy of polyamide/clay nanocomposites ..... 218 9.4 Flame retardant mechanism ............................. 227 9.5 Summary and outlook ................................... 230 References ................................................. 231 10 Self-extinguishing polymer-clay nanocomposites ............. 237 SEONGCHAN PACK AND MIRIAM H. RAFAILOVICH 10.1 Introduction .......................................... 237 10.2 Flame retardant formulations and nanoparticle synergy ............................................... 238 10.3 Flame retardant polymer blends with nanoparticles ..... 241 10.4 Summary ............................................... 271 References ................................................. 273 11 Flame retardant polymer nanocomposites with fullerenes as filler ..................................................... 276 ZHENGPING FANG AND PINGAN SONG 11.1 Background ............................................ 276 11.2 Flame retardancy of polymer/fullerene nanocomposites ........................................ 276 11.3 Flame retardation mechanism of fullerenes ............. 282 11.4 Synergism between fullerenes and intumescent flame retardants ............................................ 291 11.5 Synergism between fullerenes and carbon nanotubes ..... 304 11.6 Conclusions and future prospects ...................... 309 References ................................................. 310 12 Flame retardant polymer nanocomposites with alumina as filler ..................................................... 314 ABDELGHANI LAACHACHI AND JOSE-MARIE LOPEZ CUESTA 12.1 Introduction .......................................... 314 12.2 Alumina trihydrate flame retardant .................... 315 12.3 Alumina monohydrate flame retardant ................... 318 12.4 Alumina flame retardant ............................... 321 12.5 Conclusion ............................................ 328 References ................................................. 328 13 Polymer/layered double hydroxide flame retardant nanocomposites ............................................. 332 LONGZHEN QIU AND BAOJUN QU 13.1 Introduction .......................................... 332 13.2 Structure and properties of layered double hydroxides ............................................ 333 13.3 Polymer/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites ....... 334 13.4 Thermal stability of polymer/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites ........................................ 335 13.5 Fire retardant properties of polymer/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites .............................. 338 13.6 Synergistic layered double hydroxide flame retardant systems ............................................... 347 13.7 Possible mechanisms ................................... 349 13.8 Conclusion and future trends .......................... 351 References ................................................. 352 14 Flame retardant SBS-clay nanocomposites .................... 360 MAURO COMES-FRANCHINI, MASSIMO MESSORI, GUIDO ORI, AND CRISTINA SILIGARDI 14.1 Layered silicates ..................................... 360 14.2 Organic modification .................................. 363 14.3 Styrenie block copolymers ............................. 366 14.4 Flame retardant SBS-clay nanocomposites ............... 367 14.5 Case study: Bentonite-based organoclays as innovative flame retardant agents for SBS copolymer ... 369 14.6 Conclusions ........................................... 377 References ................................................. 378 Index ...................................................... 383