Preface A. HERZ1G ............................................... 5
Preface E. MlLLESI .............................................. 7
Population monitoring and conservation projects ................. 9
The second French Common Hamster (Cricetus cricetus L.)
conservation program: concept and details
ISABELLE LOSINGER & JANUSCH PÖTER ........................... 11
1 Introduction ................................................ 11
2 Context ..................................................... 13
3 The Restoration Plan and what is at stake ................... 18
4 Means of action of the restoration plan ..................... 19
4.1 Coordination ........................................... 19
4.2 The headlines of the conservation plan ................. 20
4.2.1 Line of operation 1: The farmers' acceptation
or tolerance of the species ..................... 20
4.2.2 Line of operation 2: Re-creation of favourable
habitats ........................................ 20
4.2.3 Line of operation 3: Species population
monitoring ...................................... 21
4.2.4 Line of operation 4: Public awareness ........... 21
4.2.5 Line of operation 5: Ex-situ population
reinforcement and conservation .................. 21
4.2.6 Line of operation 6: Studies and partnerships ... 22
5 Conclusion .................................................. 22
6 Acknowledgements ............................................ 23
7 References .................................................. 23
Movements in translocated Common Hamsters (Cricetus cricetus)
CLAUDIA KUPFERNAGEL ......................................... 27
1 Introduction ................................................ 27
2 Study sites ................................................. 28
3 Material and Methods ........................................ 28
3.1 Study sites ............................................. 28
4 Results ..................................................... 31
5 Discussion .................................................. 33
6 Acknowledgements ............................................ 35
7 References .................................................. 35
Determinants of above-ground burrow architecture in the
Common Hamster
LENKA LISICKÁ, JAN LOSÍK, RADKA KADLČÍKOVÁ & EMIL TKADLEC ... 37
1 Introduction ................................................ 37
2 Material and Methods ........................................ 38
3 Results ..................................................... 39
4 Discussion .................................................. 41
5 Acknowledgements ............................................ 42
6 References .................................................. 42
Population development and life expectancy in Common Hamsters
CLAUDIA FRANCESCHINI-ZINK & EVA MILLESI ..................... 45
1 Introduction ................................................ 45
2 Material and Methods ........................................ 46
2.1 Turnover rate .......................................... 47
2.2 Statistics ............................................. 47
3 Results ..................................................... 47
3.1 Population density ..................................... 47
3.2 Winter mortality ....................................... 48
3.3 Turnover rates ......................................... 50
3.4 Local survival ......................................... 50
4 Discussion .................................................. 51
5 Acknowledgements ............................................ 56
6 References .................................................. 56
Role of the Common Hamster (Cricetus cricetus) in the diet of
natural predators in Hungary
ZOLTÁN BIHARI, MÁRTON HORVÁTH, JÓZSEF LANSZKI &
MIKLÓS HELTAI ............................................... 61
1 Introduction ................................................ 61
2 Methods ..................................................... 62
3 Results ..................................................... 62
3.1 Predatory birds ........................................ 62
3.2 Owls ................................................... 64
3.3 Other birds ............................................ 64
3.4 Carnivores ............................................. 65
4 Discussion .................................................. 66
5 Acknowledgements ............................................ 66
6 References .................................................. 67
Peak numbers of Cricetus cricetus (L.): do they appear
simultaneously?
GÁBOR NECHAY ................................................ 69
1 Introduction ................................................ 69
2 Material and Methods ........................................ 70
3 Results ..................................................... 71
4 Discussion .................................................. 74
5 Summary ..................................................... 76
6 References .................................................. 76
Is the Common Hamster a good example for nature conservation
efforts? — Critical reflections on the law on nature
conservation in theory and practice
ULRICH WEINHOLD ............................................. 79
1 Introduction ................................................ 79
2 Material and Methods ........................................ 80
2.1 Laws studied ........................................... 80
2.2 Field studies .......................................... 80
2.3 GIS analysis ........................................... 81
2.4 Legal status and standard procedures ................... 81
3 Field results ............................................... 82
4 Conclusions ................................................. 84
5 References .................................................. 89
Using track tubes to verify the syntopic occurrence of two
ground-dwelling rodent species
ILSE E. HOFFMANN ............................................ 91
Introduction ................................................ 91
Acknowledgements ............................................ 93
References .................................................. 94
Reproduction ................................................ 95
How to increase the reproductive success in Common Hamsters;
shift work in the breeding colony
STEFANIE MONECKE & FRANZISKA WOLLNIK ........................ 97
1 Introduction ................................................ 97
1.1 The seasonal timing of reproduction .................... 98
1.2 The ontogeny of reproduction ........................... 98
2 Results and discussion ..................................... 100
2.1 Breeding model ........................................ 100
2.1.1 ADVANCE group .................................. 100
2.1.2 DELAY group .................................... 102
2.2 Breeding plan ......................................... 104
2.3 Age of reintroduction from the physiological point
of view ............................................... 105
2.4 Seasonal timing of reintroduction from the
physiological point of view ........................... 107
2.5 Breeding at the wrong time of the natural year ........ 108
3 Acknowledgements ........................................... 110
4 References ................................................. 110
Yearling male Common Hamsters and the trade-off between
growth and reproduction
KARIN LEBL & EVA MILLESI ................................... 115
1 Introduction ............................................ 115
2 Material and Methods .................................... 116
3 Results ................................................. 117
4 Discussion .............................................. 120
5 Acknowledgements ........................................ 123
6 References .............................................. 123
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