 | Kumbilieva K. Kinetic aspects of catalyst deactivation / K.Kumbilieva, L.Petrov; Bulg. Acad. of sciences, Inst. of catalsis. - Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov, 2012. - 280 p.: tabl., diagr. - ISBN 978-954-322-458-6
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INTRODUCTION .................................................... 7
Chapter 1
KINETICS OF HETEROGENEOUS CATALYTIC REACTIONS-THEORETICAL AND
PRACTICAL ASPECTS .............................................. 11
1.1 Application of chemical kinetics in heterogeneous
catalytic studies ......................................... 11
1.2 Elements of kinetics of complex heterogeneous catalytic
reactions ................................................. 13
1.3 Stages of the construction of kinetic models .............. 32
1.4 Sources of experimental errors in studies of kinetics of
catalytic heterogeneous reactions ......................... 34
1.5 Laboratory reactors ....................................... 35
1.6 Mass and heat transfer in the kinetics of heterogeneous
catalytic reactions ....................................... 38
1.7 Criteria for catalyst activity ............................ 49
1.8 Kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions and
catalyst deactivation ..................................... 51
Chapter 2
FUNCTIONAL DEPENDENCIES CHARACTERIZING THE KINETICS OF
CATALYST DEACTIVATION .......................................... 58
2.1 Mechanism of build-up of deactivating agents and types
of catalyst deactivation .................................. 58
2.2 Functional dependencies relating the deactivation
kinetics to degree of conversion .......................... 66
2.3 Catalyst deactivation and coke coverage ................... 71
2.4 Probabilitic approach ..................................... 73
Chapter 3
JOINT EFFECTS OF CATALYST DEACTIVATION AND DIFFUSION
RESISTANCE ..................................................... 74
3.1 Background notes .......................................... 74
3.2 Joint effects of internal diffusion and catalyst
deactivation .............................................. 76
3.3 Formulation of the problem ................................ 78
3.4 Model considerations ...................................... 79
3.5 Coking Profiles inside the Catalyst Pores ................. 85
3.6 Hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline over commercial
Cu catalyst ............................................... 93
3.7. Combined effects of deactivation and diffusion
resistance over some iso-prene production processes ...... 110
Chapter 4
KINETIC AND DEACTIVATION PECULIARITIES RELATED TO THE
NANO-SIZED STRUCTURE OF ZEOLITE CATALYSTS ..................... 125
4.1 Specific features of processes occurring on zeolite
catalysts ................................................ 125
4.2 Probabilistic approach ................................... 135
4.3 Models of processes accompanied by catalyst
deactivation ............................................. 141
4.4 Conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons over H-offretite
and H-mordenite .......................................... 143
Chapter 5
MULTI-ROUTE PROCESSES. EFFECTS OF CATALYST DEACTIVATION ON
SELECTIVITY ................................................... 157
5.1 Selectivity problems related to catalyst deactivation .... 157
5.2 Model assumptions ........................................ 159
5.3 Effects of catalyst deactivation on selectivity of
complex mono-molecular reactions ......................... 160
5.4 Analysis of the influence of degree of conversion on
selectivity .............................................. 164
5.5 Effects of catalyst deactivation on selectivity of
bi-molecular complex reactions ........................... 177
5.6 Concluding remarks ....................................... 187
Chapter 6
DEACTIVATION KINETICS OF CATALYSTS WITH SEVERAL TYPES OF
ACTIVE SITES .................................................. 189
6.1 Background ............................................... 189
6.2 Approach ................................................. 195
6.3 Deactivation of catalysts with acid-base active
centers .................................................. 202
6.4 Influence of nanostructures on the contribution of
different types of active sites on supported catalysts ... 203
6.5 Active sites of different adsorption strength and
related deactivation effects ............................. 213
6.6 Structure non-uniformity of active sites and related
deactivation effects ..................................... 229
CONCLUSION .................................................... 251
REFERENCES .................................................... 259
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