List of Illustrations ..................................... vii
Acknowledgments ............................................ xi
A Note on the Term Aleut ................................. xiii
Introduction: Lucien M. Turner and Late-Nineteenth-
Century Aleutian Ethnography ................................ 1
A Note on the Text ......................................... 47
1 General Description of the Aleutian Islands ................ 51
The Near Islands ........................................... 55
2 Settlements in 1878 ........................................ 57
3 Houses ..................................................... 61
Stone Lamps ................................................ 62
4 Boats ...................................................... 65
5 Clothing ................................................... 69
Gut Sewing ................................................. 70
Footwear ................................................... 72
Preparation of Bird Skins .................................. 73
6 Weaving .................................................... 77
7 Fire Making ................................................ 83
8 Hunting—General Considerations ............................. 87
Hunting Implements ......................................... 89
9 Mammals ................................................... 103
Whales .................................................... 103
Tools Related to Whaling .................................. 105
Sea Cows .................................................. 106
l0 Birds ..................................................... 109
Bolas ..................................................... 110
Notes on Specific Birds ................................... 112
11 Fish, Sea Urchins, and Cephalopods ........................ 133
Fishing Implements ........................................ 133
Notes on Specific Fish .................................... 133
Sea Urchins ............................................... 152
Cephalopods ............................................... 154
12 Plants .................................................... 157
Trees ..................................................... 157
Plants and Berries ........................................ 160
13 Origins: Evidence from Language and Folklore .............. 169
14 Governance ................................................ 177
15 Internecine Wars and Slavery .............................. 179
16 Social Relationships ...................................... 185
17 The Yearly Cycle .......................................... 189
Seasons ................................................... 189
Months .................................................... 190
18 Assorted Beliefs and Traditions ........................... 193
19 Miscellaneous Remarks ..................................... 197
Appendix 1: Three Charts of the Near Islands .............. 201
Appendix 2: Gut Bags - A Preliminary Survey ............... 211
Notes ..................................................... 219
Bibliography .............................................. 229
Index ..................................................... 235
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