Preface ........................................................ ix
Introduction ................................................ xi
Presence and Absence ....................................... xii
Historical Survey ......................................... xvii
Monastic Education and the Nonsectarian Movement ............ xx
Life and Works of Mipam .................................. xxiii
Summary of Contents ..................................... xxviii
The End of the Beginning ................................. xxxii
Chapter 1. Buddha-Nature and the Unity of the Two Truths ........ 1
Introduction ................................................. 1
Mipam's Synthesis ............................................ 4
Two Truths ................................................... 6
Buddha-Nature as the Unity of Appearance and
Emptiness ................................................... 13
Buddha-Nature as the Definitive Meaning ..................... 20
Conclusion .................................................. 26
Chapter 2. Middle Way of Prāsaṅgika and Yogācāra ............... 27
Introduction ................................................ 27
Svātantrika-Prāsaṅgika ...................................... 28
Dialectical Ascent .......................................... 39
Foundations of Yogācāra ..................................... 45
Prāsaṅgika versus Yogācāra .................................. 51
Conclusion .................................................. 53
Chapter 3. The Present Absence ................................. 55
Introduction ................................................ 55
Other-Emptiness in the Jonang ............................... 57
Other-Emptiness and the Nyingma: Lochen Dharmaśrī ........... 66
Another Emptiness? Emptiness of Self / Other ................ 71
Phenomena and Suchness ...................................... 73
De / limiting Emptiness ..................................... 81
Emptiness as the Unity of Appearance and Emptiness .......... 85
Conclusion .................................................. 91
Chapter 4. Buddha-Nature and the Ground of the Great
Perfection .................................................. 93
Introduction ................................................ 93
Distinguishing the Views on Buddha-Nature ................... 94
Buddha-Nature as Heritage, Buddha-Nature as the Ground ...... 99
Appearance and Reality ..................................... 107
Conclusion ................................................. 114
Chapter 5. The Indivisible Ground and Fruition ................ 117
Introduction ............................................... 117
Establishing Buddha-Nature: The Immanent Buddha ............ 118
Establishing Appearances as Divine ......................... 124
Buddha-Nature and a Difference Between Sutra and Mantra .... 131
Conclusion ................................................. 139
Conclusion .................................................... 141
Translations of Primary Texts ................................. 145
Appendix 1. Lion's Roar: Exposition of Buddha-Nature ....... 147
Stating Other Traditions ................................ 149
Presenting Our Authentic Tradition ...................... 153
The Meaning of the First Verse "Because the body of
the perfect Buddha is radiant" ....................... 153
The Meaning of the Second Verse "Because thusness
is indivisible" ...................................... 159
The Meaning of the Third Verse "Because of
possessing heritage" ................................. 162
Refuting the View that [the Basic Element] Is Truly
Established and Not Empty ............................... 167
Refuting the View that [the Basic Element] Is a Void
Emptiness ............................................... 168
Refuting the Apprehension of [the Basic Element] as
Impermanent and Conditioned ............................. 170
Appendix 2. Notes on the Essential Points of [Mipam's]
Exposition [of Buddha-Nature] ........................... 181
Notes ......................................................... 191
Bibliography .................................................. 265
Index ......................................................... 281
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