TIME ZONES MAP ..................................... Front Endpaper
PREFACE ......................................................... v
KEY WORLD FACTS ................................................ xv
WORLD POPULATION .............................................. xvi
WEEK-BY-WEEK CHRONOLOGY ....................................... xix
CREDIT CRUNCH CHRONOLOGY .................................... xxvii
ADDENDA ..................................................... xxxiv
The Way It Was, and Is by Barry Turner ....................... xxxv
Part I: International Organizations
UNITED NATIONS (UN) ............................................. 3
General Assembly ............................................. 3
Security Council ............................................. 4
Economic and Social Council .................................. 5
Trusteeship Council .......................................... 5
International Court of Justice ............................... 5
Secretariat .................................................. 6
Member States ................................................ 7
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS ........................... 8
NOBEL PRIZES ................................................... 10
UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM .......................................... 10
Operational Programmes and Funds ............................ 10
Research and Training Institutes ............................ 12
Other UN Entities ........................................... 13
Information ................................................. 13
SPECIALIZED AGENCIES OF THE UN ................................. 13
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) ..................... 14
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development -
The World Bank (IBRD) ....................................... 14
International Development Association (IDA) ................. 15
International Finance Corporation (IFC) ..................... 15
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) ............. 16
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
(ICSID) ..................................................... 16
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) ............ 16
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) ...... 16
International Labour Organization (ILO) ..................... 17
International Maritime Organization (IMO) ................... 17
International Monetary Fund (IMF) ........................... 18
International Telecommunication Union (ITU) ................. 19
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) ....................................... 20
UN Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) .............. 20
Universal Postal Union (UPU) ................................ 21
World Health Organization (WHO) ............................. 21
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) ............. 23
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ..................... 24
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) .......................... 24
OTHER ORGANS RELATED TO THE UN ................................. 24
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) ................... 24
World Trade Organization (WTO) .............................. 25
Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-
Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) ............................. 25
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
(OPCW) ...................................................... 26
Europe
EUROPEAN UNION (EU) ............................................ 26
EU INSTITUTIONS ................................................ 30
European Commission ......................................... 30
Council of the European Union (Council of Ministers) ........ 31
European Council ............................................ 32
European Parliament ......................................... 32
Court of Justice of the European Communities ................ 32
European Court of Auditors .................................. 33
OTHER EU STRUCTURES ............................................ 33
European System of Central Banks ............................ 33
European Investment Bank .................................... 33
European Investment Fund .................................... 33
European Data Protection Supervisor ......................... 33
European Ombudsman .......................................... 33
Advisory Bodies ............................................. 33
MAIN EU COMMUNITY AGENCIES ..................................... 34
Community Fisheries Control Agency .......................... 34
Community Plant Variety Office .............................. 34
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work ............... 34
European Agency for the Management of Operational
Cooperation at the External Borders ......................... 34
European Aviation Safety Agency ............................. 34
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control .......... 34
European Centre for the Development of Vocational
Training .................................................... 34
European Chemicals Agency ................................... 34
European Environment Agency ................................. 34
European Food Safety Authority .............................. 34
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and
Working Conditions .......................................... 34
European GNSS Supervisory Authority ......................... 34
European Maritime Safety Agency ............................. 35
European Medicines Agency ................................... 35
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction ..... 35
European Network and Information Security Agency ............ 35
European Railway Agency ..................................... 35
European Training Foundation ................................ 35
European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights ................ 35
Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market ............. 35
Translation Centre for Bodies of the European Union ......... 35
Europol ..................................................... 35
Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat) ... 35
COUNCIL OF EUROPE .............................................. 36
WESTERN EUROPEAN UNION (WEU) ................................... 37
ORGANIZATION FOR SECURITY AND CO-OPERATION IN EUROPE (OSCE) .... 38
EUROPEAN BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT (EBRD) ........ 39
EUROPEAN FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION (EFTA) ......................... 39
EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY (ESA) .................................... 40
CERN—THE EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH ............ 40
CENTRAL EUROPEAN INITIATIVE (CEI) .............................. 40
NORDIC COUNCIL ................................................. 40
NORDIC DEVELOPMENT FUND ........................................ 40
NORDIC INVESTMENT BANK ......................................... 40
COUNCIL OF THE BALTIC SEA STATES ............................... 40
EUROPEAN BROADCASTING UNION (EBU) .............................. 41
BLACK SEA ECONOMIC COOPERATION (BSEC) .......................... 41
DANUBE COMMISSION .............................................. 41
EUROPEAN TRADE UNION CONFEDERATION (ETUC) ...................... 41
Other Organizations
AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL .......................................... 42
BANK FOR INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENTS (BIS) ....................... 42
COMMONWEALTH ................................................... 42
COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES (CIS) ....................... 44
INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION (IATA) ................. 45
INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS (ICRC) ................ 45
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT (ICC) ............................. 46
INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR DEMOCRACY AND ELECTORAL
ASSISTANCE (IDEA) ........................................... 46
INTERNATIONAL MOBILE SATELLITE ORGANIZATION (IMSO) ............. 46
INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE (IOC) .......................... 46
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION (IOM) ................. 47
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO) ........... 47
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE FRANCOPHONIE ................. 47
INTERNATIONAL ROAD FEDERATION (IRF) ............................ 48
INTERNATIONAL SEABED AUTHORITY (ISA) ........................... 48
INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE ORGANIZATION
(ITSO) ......................................................... 48
INTERNATIONAL TRADE UNION CONFEDERATION (ITUC) ................. 49
INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE LAW OF THE SEA (ITLOS) .......... 49
INTERNATIONAL UNION AGAINST CANCER (UICC) ...................... 49
INTER-PARLIAMENTARY UNION (IPU) ................................ 50
INTERPOL (INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL POLICE ORGANIZATION) .......... 50
ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT BANK ....................................... 50
MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES (MSF) ................................. 50
NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION (NATO) ...................... 51
ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
(OECD) ...................................................... 53
ORGANIZATION OF THE ISLAMIC CONFERENCE (OIC) ................... 55
UNREPRESENTED NATIONS AND PEOPLES ORGANIZATION (UNPO) .......... 55
WORLD COUNCIL OF CHURCHES ...................................... 55
WORLD CUSTOMS ORGANIZATION ..................................... 56
WORLD FEDERATION OF TRADE UNIONS (WFTU) ........................ 56
WORLD WIDE FUND FOR NATURE (WWF) ............................... 56
Africa
AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK ....................................... 57
AFRICAN EXPORT-IMPORT BANK (AFREXIMBANK) ....................... 57
AFRICAN UNION (AU) ............................................. 57
BANK OF CENTRAL AFRICAN STATES (BEAC) .......................... 57
CENTRAL BANK OF WEST AFRICAN STATES (BCEAO) .................... 58
COMMON MARKET FOR EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA (COMESA) ......... 58
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY (EAC) ................................... 58
EAST AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (EADB) ........................... 58
ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF CENTRAL AFRICAN STATES (CEEAC) ........... 58
ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES (ECOWAS) ............. 59
INTERGOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY ON DEVELOPMENT ..................... 59
LAKE CHAD BASIN COMMISSION ..................................... 59
NIGER BASIN AUTHORITY .......................................... 59
SOUTHERN AFTRICAN CUSTOMS UNION (SACU) ......................... 59
SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY (SADC) .................. 60
WEST AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (BOAD) ........................... 60
WEST AFRICAN ECONOMIC AND MONETARY UNION (UEMOA) ............... 60
Americas
AGENCY FOR THE PROHIBITION OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS IN LATIN
AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN (OPANAL) .......................... 60
ANDEAN COMMUNITY ............................................... 61
ASSOCIATION OF CARIBBEAN STATES (ACS) .......................... 61
CARIBBEAN COMMUNITY (CARICOM) .................................. 61
CARIBBEAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (CDB) ............................... 62
CENTRAL AMERICAN BANK FOR ECONOMIC INTEGRATION (CABEI) ......... 62
CENTRAL AMERICAN COMMON MARKET (CACM) .......................... 63
EASTERN CARIBBEAN CENTRAL BANK (ECCB) .......................... 63
INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (IDB) .......................... 63
LATIN AMERICAN ECONOMIC SYSTEM (SELA) .......................... 63
LATIN AMERICAN INTEGRATION ASSOCIATION (ALADI/LAIA) ............ 63
LATIN AMERICAN RESERVE FUND .................................... 64
ORGANISATION OF EASTERN CARIBBEAN STATES (OECS) ................ 64
ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES (OAS) .......................... 65
SECRETARIAT FOR CENTRAL AMERICAN ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
(SIECA) ..................................................... 65
SOUTHERN COMMON MARKET (MERCOSUR) .............................. 65
UNION OF SOUTH AMERICAN NATIONS (UNASUR) ....................... 65
Asia/Pacific
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK ......................................... 66
ASIA-PACIFIC ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION (APEC) ...................... 66
ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH EAST ASIAN NATIONS (ASEAN) ................ 66
ASEAN-Mekong Basin Development Co-operation (Mekong Group) ..... 67
COLOMBO PLAN ................................................... 67
ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION ORGANIZATION (ECO) ....................... 68
PACIFIC ISLANDS FORUM (PIF) .................................... 68
SECRETARIAT OF THE PACIFIC COMMUNITY (SPC) ..................... 68
SOUTH ASIAN ASSOCIATION FOR REGIONAL CO-OPERATION (SAARC) ...... 69
Middle East
ARAB FUND FOR ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT (AFESD) .......... 69
ARAB MAGHREB UNION ............................................. 69
ARAB MONETARY FUND (AMF) ....................................... 69
ARAB ORGANIZATION FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT (AOAD) .......... 70
GULF CO-OPERATION COUNCIL (GCC) ................................ 70
LEAGUE OF ARAB STATES .......................................... 70
ORGANIZATION OF ARAB PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (OAPEC) ..... 71
ORGANIZATION OF THE PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (OPEC) ....... 71
OPEC Fund for International Development ..................... 71
Treaties
ANTARCTIC TREATY ............................................... 72
UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE .......... 72
Part II: Countries of the World A-Z
AFGHANISTAN .................................................... 75
ALBANIA ........................................................ 81
ALGERIA ........................................................ 87
ANDORRA ........................................................ 93
ANGOLA ......................................................... 95
ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA ........................................... 100
ARGENTINA ..................................................... 103
ARMENIA ....................................................... 110
AUSTRALIA...................................................... 114
Territories
Australian Capital Territory ............................... 127
Northern Territory ......................................... 129
States
New South Wales ............................................ 131
Queensland ................................................. 134
South Australia ............................................ 137
Tasmania ................................................... 139
Victoria ................................................... 141
Western Australia .......................................... 144
Australian External Territories
Australian Antarctic Territory ............................. 147
Cocos (Keeling) Islands .................................... 147
Christmas Island ........................................... 148
Norfolk Island ............................................. 148
Heard and McDonald Islands ................................. 149
Ashmore and Cartier Islands ................................ 149
Coral Sea Islands .......................................... 150
AUSTRIA ....................................................... 151
AZERBAIJAN .................................................... 159
Nakhichevan ................................................ 164
Nagorno-Karabakh ........................................... 164
BAHAMAS ....................................................... 165
BAHRAIN ....................................................... 169
BANGLADESH .................................................... 173
BARBADOS ...................................................... 178
BELARUS ....................................................... 182
BELGIUM ....................................................... 187
BELIZE ........................................................ 196
BENIN ......................................................... 199
BHUTAN ........................................................ 203
BOLIVIA ....................................................... 206
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ........................................ 211
BOTSWANA ...................................................... 215
BRAZIL ........................................................ 219
BRUNEI ........................................................ 229
BULGARIA ...................................................... 233
BURKINA FASO .................................................. 239
BURUNDI ....................................................... 243
CAMBODIA ...................................................... 247
CAMEROON ...................................................... 252
CANADA ........................................................ 257
Provinces .................................................. 268
Alberta .................................................... 269
British Columbia ........................................... 271
Manitoba ................................................... 273
New Brunswick .............................................. 275
Newfoundland and Labrador .................................. 277
Nova Scotia ................................................ 279
Ontario .................................................... 281
Prince Edward Island ....................................... 283
Quebec ..................................................... 284
Saskatchewan ............................................... 286
Territories
Northwest Territories ...................................... 288
Nunavut .................................................... 289
Yukon Territory ............................................ 291
CAPE VERDE .................................................... 294
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC ...................................... 298
CHAD .......................................................... 302
CHILE ......................................................... 306
CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF ................................... 313
Hong Kong .................................................. 326
Macao ...................................................... 330
Taiwan ..................................................... 332
COLOMBIA ...................................................... 337
COMOROS ....................................................... 343
CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ................................. 346
CONGO, REPUBLIC OF ............................................ 351
COSTA RICA .................................................... 355
COTE DTVOIRE .................................................. 359
CROATIA ....................................................... 364
CUBA .......................................................... 369
CYPRUS ........................................................ 374
'Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus' ...................... 379
CZECH REPUBLIC ................................................ 381
DENMARK ....................................................... 390
Faroe Islands .............................................. 398
Greenland .................................................. 399
DJIBOUTI ...................................................... 401
DOMINICA ...................................................... 404
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ............................................ 407
EAST TIMOR .................................................... 411
ECUADOR ....................................................... 414
EGYPT ......................................................... 419
EL SALVADOR ................................................... 426
EQUATORIAL GUINEA ............................................. 430
ERITREA ....................................................... 434
ESTONIA ....................................................... 438
ETHIOPIA ...................................................... 444
FIJI ISLANDS .................................................. 449
FINLAND ....................................................... 454
FRANCE ........................................................ 464
Departments and Collectivities Overseas .................... 479
Overseas Departments and Regions
French Guiana .............................................. 479
Guadeloupe ................................................. 481
Martinique ................................................. 482
Reunion .................................................... 483
Overseas Collectivities
French Polynesia ........................................... 485
Mayotte .................................................... 487
St Barthelemy .............................................. 488
St Martin .................................................. 488
St Pierre and Miquelon ..................................... 489
Wallis and Futuna .......................................... 490
Sui Generis Collectivities
New Caledonia .............................................. 491
Southern and Antarctic Territories ......................... 493
Minor Territories
Clipperton Island .......................................... 493
GABON ......................................................... 494
THE GAMBIA .................................................... 499
GEORGIA ....................................................... 502
Abkhazia ................................................... 507
Adjaria .................................................... 507
South Ossetia .............................................. 508
GERMANY ....................................................... 509
Bundeslander
Baden-Wiirttemberg ......................................... 526
Bavaria .................................................... 527
Berlin ..................................................... 528
Brandenburg ................................................ 530
Bremen ..................................................... 531
Hamburg .................................................... 531
Hessen ..................................................... 533
Lower Saxony ............................................... 534
Mecklenburg-West Pomerania ................................. 535
North Rhine-Westphalia ..................................... 536
Rhineland-Palatinate ....................................... 538
Saarland ................................................... 539
Saxony ..................................................... 540
Saxony-Anhalt .............................................. 541
Schleswig-Holstein ......................................... 541
Thuringia .................................................. 543
GHANA ......................................................... 544
GREECE ........................................................ 549
GRENADA ....................................................... 557
GUATEMALA ..................................................... 560
GUINEA ........................................................ 564
GUINEA-BISSAU ................................................. 568
GUYANA ........................................................ 571
HAITI ......................................................... 575
HONDURAS ...................................................... 579
HUNGARY ....................................................... 583
ICELAND ....................................................... 592
INDIA ......................................................... 599
States and Territories
Andhra Pradesh ............................................. 614
Arunachal Pradesh .......................................... 616
Assam ...................................................... 616
Bihar ...................................................... 618
Chhattisgarh ............................................... 619
Goa ........................................................ 620
Gujarat .................................................... 621
Haryana .................................................... 622
Himachal Pradesh ........................................... 623
Jammu and Kashmir .......................................... 624
Jharkhand .................................................. 626
Karnataka .................................................. 627
Kerala ..................................................... 628
Madhya Pradesh ............................................. 629
Maharashtra ................................................ 631
Manipur .................................................... 632
Meghalaya .................................................. 633
Mizoram .................................................... 634
Nagaland ................................................... 635
Orissa ..................................................... 636
Punjab (India) ............................................. 638
Rajasthan .................................................. 639
Sikkim ..................................................... 640
Tamil Nadu ................................................. 641
Tripura .................................................... 643
Uttar Pradesh .............................................. 643
Uttarakhand ................................................ 645
West Bengal ................................................ 646
Union Territories
Andaman and Nicobar Islands ................................ 647
Chandigarh ................................................. 648
Dadra and Nagar Haveli ..................................... 648
Daman and Diu .............................................. 649
Delhi ...................................................... 650
Lakshadweep ................................................ 651
Puducherry ................................................. 651
INDONESIA ..................................................... 653
IRAN .......................................................... 660
IRAQ .......................................................... 667
IRELAND ....................................................... 675
ISRAEL ........................................................ 689
Palestinian-Administered Territories ....................... 696
ITALY ......................................................... 699
JAMAICA ....................................................... 712
JAPAN ......................................................... 716
JORDAN ........................................................ 727
KAZAKHSTAN .................................................... 732
KENYA ......................................................... 737
KIRIBATI ...................................................... 742
SOUTH KOREA ................................................... 745
NORTH KOREA ................................................... 754
KUWAIT ........................................................ 761
KYRGYZSTAN .................................................... 765
LAOS .......................................................... 769
LATVIA ........................................................ 773
LEBANON ....................................................... 779
LESOTHO ....................................................... 784
LIBERIA ....................................................... 788
LIBYA ......................................................... 792
LIECHTENSTEIN ................................................. 797
LITHUANIA ..................................................... 800
LUXEMBOURG .................................................... 807
MACEDONIA ..................................................... 813
MADAGASCAR .................................................... 817
MALAWI ........................................................ 821
MALAYSIA ...................................................... 825
MALDIVES ...................................................... 833
MALI .......................................................... 836
MALTA ......................................................... 840
MARSHALL ISLANDS .............................................. 846
MAURITANIA .................................................... 849
MAURITIUS ..................................................... 853
MEXICO ........................................................ 857
MICRONESIA .................................................... 864
MOLDOVA ....................................................... 867
MONACO ........................................................ 872
MONGOLIA ...................................................... 875
MONTENEGRO .................................................... 879
MOROCCO ....................................................... 883
Western Sahara ............................................. 887
MOZAMBIQUE .................................................... 888
MYANMAR ....................................................... 892
NAMIBIA ....................................................... 897
NAURU ......................................................... 901
NEPAL ......................................................... 904
NETHERLANDS ................................................... 909
Aruba ...................................................... 919
Netherlands Antilles ....................................... 920
NEW ZEALAND ................................................... 923
Territories Overseas ....................................... 933
Cook Islands ............................................... 934
Niue ....................................................... 935
NICARAGUA ..................................................... 937
NIGER ......................................................... 941
NIGERIA ....................................................... 945
NORWAY ........................................................ 952
Dependencies
Svalbard ................................................... 960
Jan Mayen .................................................. 960
Bouvet Island .............................................. 961
Peter I Island ............................................. 961
Queen Maud Land ............................................ 961
OMAN .......................................................... 962
PAKISTAN ...................................................... 967
PALAU ......................................................... 974
PANAMA ........................................................ 976
PAPUA NEW GUINEA .............................................. 981
Bougainville ............................................... 986
PARAGUAY ...................................................... 987
PERU .......................................................... 991
PHILIPPINES ................................................... 997
POLAND ....................................................... 1003
PORTUGAL ..................................................... 1014
QATAR ........................................................ 1023
ROMANIA ...................................................... 1027
RUSSIA ....................................................... 1034
Republics ................................................. 1047
Adygeya ................................................... 1047
Altai ..................................................... 1048
Bashkortostan ............................................. 1048
Buryatia .................................................. 1048
Chechnya .................................................. 1048
Chuvashia ................................................. 1049
Dagestan .................................................. 1049
Ingushetia ................................................ 1049
Kabardino-Balkaria ........................................ 1050
Kalmykia .................................................. 1050
Karachai-Cherkessia ....................................... 1050
Karelia ................................................... 1050
Khakassia ................................................. 1051
Komi ...................................................... 1051
Mari-El ................................................... 1051
Mordovia .................................................. 1051
North Ossetia ............................................. 1052
Sakha ..................................................... 1052
Tatarstan ................................................. 1052
Tuva ...................................................... 1052
Udmurtia .................................................. 1053
Autonomous Districts and Provinces ........................ 1053
RWANDA ....................................................... 1054
ST KITTS AND NEVIS ........................................... 1059
ST LUCIA ..................................................... 1062
ST VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES ................................ 1065
SAMOA ........................................................ 1068
SAN MARINO ................................................... 1071
SAO TOME E PRINCIPE .......................................... 1074
SAUDI ARABIA ................................................. 1077
SENEGAL ...................................................... 1084
SERBIA ....................................................... 1089
Kosovo and Metohija ....................................... 1093
Vojvodina ................................................. 1095
SEYCHELLES ................................................... 1096
SIERRA LEONE ................................................. 1100
SINGAPORE .................................................... 1104
SLOVAKIA ..................................................... 1111
SLOVENIA ..................................................... 1117
SOLOMON ISLANDS .............................................. 1122
SOMALIA ...................................................... 1126
SOUTH AFRICA ................................................. 1130
Provinces ................................................. 1140
Eastern Cape .............................................. 1141
Free State ................................................ 1141
Gauteng ................................................... 1143
KwaZulu-Natal ............................................. 1143
Limpopo ................................................... 1144
Mpumalanga ................................................ 1145
Northern Cape ............................................. 1145
North-West ................................................ 1146
Western Cape .............................................. 1147
SPAIN ........................................................ 1149
SRI LANKA .................................................... 1160
SUDAN ........................................................ 1166
SURINAME ..................................................... 1173
SWAZILAND .................................................... 1177
SWEDEN ....................................................... 1181
SWITZERLAND .................................................. 1191
SYRIA ........................................................ 1199
TAJIKISTAN ................................................... 1204
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region ........................ 1207
TANZANIA ..................................................... 1208
THAILAND ..................................................... 1213
TOGO ......................................................... 1218
TONGA ........................................................ 1222
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO .......................................... 1225
TUNISIA ...................................................... 1230
TURKEY ....................................................... 1235
TURKMENISTAN ................................................. 1243
TUVALU ....................................................... 1247
UGANDA ....................................................... 1249
UKRAINE ...................................................... 1255
Crimea .................................................... 1261
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES ......................................... 1262
UNITED KINGDOM ............................................... 1267
England ................................................... 1300
Scotland .................................................. 1304
Wales ..................................................... 1309
Northern Ireland .......................................... 1312
Isle of Man ............................................... 1317
Channel Islands ........................................... 1319
Jersey .................................................... 1320
Guernsey .................................................. 1321
Alderney .................................................. 1322
Sark ...................................................... 1322
UK Overseas Territories ................................... 1323
Anguilla .................................................. 1323
Bermuda ................................................... 1324
British Antarctic Territory ............................... 1326
British Indian Ocean Territory ............................ 1326
British Virgin Islands .................................... 1327
Cayman Islands ............................................ 1328
Falkland Islands .......................................... 1329
Gibraltar ................................................. 1331
Montserrat ................................................ 1333
Pitcairn Island ........................................... 1335
St Helena ................................................. 1335
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands .............. 1336
Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia in Cyprus ... 1337
Turks and Caicos Islands .................................. 1337
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ..................................... 1339
States and Territories .................................... 1369
Alabama ................................................... 1369
Alaska .................................................... 1371
Arizona ................................................... 1373
Arkansas .................................................. 1375
California ................................................ 1377
Colorado .................................................. 1380
Connecticut ............................................... 1381
Delaware .................................................. 1383
District of Columbia ...................................... 1385
Florida ................................................... 1386
Georgia ................................................... 1388
Hawaii .................................................... 1390
Idaho ..................................................... 1392
Illinois .................................................. 1394
Indiana ................................................... 1396
Iowa ...................................................... 1398
Kansas .................................................... 1400
Kentucky .................................................. 1401
Louisiana ................................................. 1403
Maine ..................................................... 1405
Maryland .................................................. 1407
Massachusetts ............................................. 1409
Michigan .................................................. 1410
Minnesota ................................................. 1412
Mississippi ............................................... 1414
Missouri .................................................. 1416
Montana ................................................... 1417
Nebraska .................................................. 1419
Nevada .................................................... 1421
New Hampshire ............................................. 1422
New Jersey ................................................ 1424
New Mexico ................................................ 1426
New York .................................................. 1428
North Carolina ............................................ 1430
North Dakota .............................................. 1432
Ohio ...................................................... 1434
Oklahoma .................................................. 1436
Oregon .................................................... 1438
Pennsylvania .............................................. 1440
Rhode Island .............................................. 1442
South Carolina ............................................ 1443
South Dakota .............................................. 1445
Tennessee ................................................. 1447
Texas ..................................................... 1448
Utah ...................................................... 1451
Vermont ................................................... 1452
Virginia .................................................. 1454
Washington ................................................ 1456
West Virginia ............................................. 1458
Wisconsin ................................................. 1460
Wyoming ................................................... 1462
Outlying Territories ...................................... 1464
Northern Mariana Islands .................................. 1464
Puerto Rico ............................................... 1465
American Samoa ............................................ 1467
Guam ...................................................... 1469
US Virgin Islands ......................................... 1470
Other Unincorporated Territories .......................... 1472
Incorporated Territories .................................. 1473
URUGUAY ...................................................... 1474
UZBEKISTAN ................................................... 1479
Karakalpak Autonomous Republic (Karakalpakstan) ........... 1483
VANUATU ...................................................... 1484
VATICAN CITY STATE ........................................... 1487
VENEZUELA .................................................... 1490
VIETNAM ...................................................... 1496
YEMEN ........................................................ 1502
ZAMBIA ....................................................... 1507
ZIMBABWE ..................................................... 1512
ABBREVIATIONS ................................................ 1520
SOURCES ...................................................... 1521
CURRENT LEADERS INDEX ........................................ 1525
PLACE AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS INDEX .................. 1531
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