Inspired by biology: from molecules to materials to machines / Committee on Biomolecular Materials and Processes et al. - Washington: National Academies Press, 2008. - xv, 154 p.: ill. (chiefly ill.). - ISBN-10 0-309-11704-6; ISBN-13 978-0-309-11704-3  Место хранения:   056 | Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины CO РАН | Новосибирск| Библиотека

Оглавление / Contents

SUMMARY ......................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................. 5 Unifying Concepts ............................................ 5 Areas for Research ........................................... 6 Alternative and Renewable Energy .......................... 6 Health and Medicine ....................................... 7 National Security ......................................... 7 Next-Generation Bioinspired Materials ..................... 8 Enabling Tools ............................................ 8 2. UNDERSTANDING BIOMOLECULAR PROCESSES: TOWARD PRINCIPLES THAT GOVERN BIOMATERIAL DESIGN .............................. 10 Multiple Cooperative Interactions ........................... 11 Cells .................................................... 12 Cell-mimetic Materials ................................... 14 Processes Far from Equilibrium .............................. 15 Design Principles for Mechanics ............................. 17 Self-assembly, Directed Assembly, and Spatiotemporal Assembly .................................................... 19 Hierarchical Self-assembly ............................... 21 Complex Spatiotemporal Assembly .......................... 23 Self-replicating, Self-healing, and Evolving Materials ...... 25 Self-replicating Materials ............................... 26 Self-healing Materials ................................... 27 Materials That Evolve .................................... 27 Opportunities and Challenges ................................ 28 Suggested Reading ........................................... 30 3. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS ............................... 31 Alternative and Renewable Energy from Biomolecular Materials and Processes ..................................... 32 Biofuels and Processes ................................... 33 Biomimetic Photosynthesis ................................ 36 Biomolecular Motors ...................................... 41 Advanced Functional Materials in Health and Medicine ........ 48 Medical Diagnostics ...................................... 49 Targeted Drug Delivery, Targeted Imaging Systems, Targeted Radiation ....................................... 51 Neural Prosthetics ....................................... 54 Advanced Functional Materials and National Security ......... 57 Environmental Surveillance and Biosensing ................ 57 Functional Biomaterials for Decontamination and Protection ............................................... 58 Next-Generation Bioinspired Materials ....................... 59 Supermaterials from Biology .............................. 59 Materials That Mimic Proteins and Membranes .............. 67 Opportunities and Challenges ................................ 71 Alternative and Renewable Energy ......................... 71 Health and Medicine ...................................... 72 National Security ........................................ 73 Next-Generation Bioinspired Materials .................... 74 Suggested Reading ........................................... 74 4. PROBES AND TOOLS FOR BIOMOLECULAR MATERIALS RESEARCH ........ 76 Three-Dimensional Electron Microscopy ....................... 78 Hyperresolution Optical Microscopy .......................... 81 X-ray Methods ............................................... 83 X-ray Tomography ......................................... 84 X-ray Diffraction ........................................ 85 Small-Angle X-ray Scattering ............................. 86 Neutron Scattering .......................................... 87 Single-Molecule Probes ...................................... 90 Single-Molecule Instrumentation .......................... 92 Theory and Computation ...................................... 95 Modeling and Computer Simulation ......................... 97 Access to High-Performance Computing Environments ....... 101 Informatics and Data Mining ............................. 102 Public Domain Codes ..................................... 102 The Need for Theoretical Advances ....................... 102 Synthesis of Biomolecular Materials ........................ 104 Synthetic Methods for Materials Synthesis ............... 105 Materials Synthesis Using Natural Machinery ............. 107 Materials Synthesis Using a Natural Toolbox ............. 108 Macromolecular Assembly Routes .......................... 109 Opportunities and Challenges ............................... 113 Suggested Reading .......................................... 115 5. INFRASTRUCTURE AND RESOURCES ............................... 116 Education and Training ..................................... 117 Mechanisms for Bridging Biological and Materials Sciences ................................................... 120 Shared Resources and Essential Facilities .................. 122 Partnership Among Industry, Academia, and the National Laboratories ............................................... 125 Commercialization of Biomolecular Materials ................ 126 Biomolecular Properties, Processes, and Products ........ 126 Manufacturability and Production ........................ 127 Specific Biomolecular Material Product Areas ............ 127 Challenges and Opportunities in Commercialization ....... 129 6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................ 131 Supporting Interdisciplinary Research ...................... 132 Developing and Evaluating Programs for Interdisciplinary Education .................................................. 133 Emphasizing Both Fundamental and Applied Sciences .......... 135 Developing and Evaluating National Facilities Based on Midrange Instruments .................................... 135 APPENDIXES A. Statement of Task .......................................... 139 B. Biographies of Committee Members ........................... 140 C. Committee Meeting Agendas .................................. 146 D. Glossary ................................................... 149